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Pushing all boundaries
Plasma containing products
Plasma
Plasma is a mixture of water, inorganic salts, organic compounds and protein groups, among which albumin and immunoglobulins constitute the largest amount. Hemostat proteins (clotting factors) and protease inhibitor proteins
Albumin 20-40 gr/L
Immunoglobulins 17-40 gr/L
Fibrinogen 1.5-3.5 gr/L
Fresh frozen plasma
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Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) - is plasma that has been harvested from whole blood collected no more than 8 hours previously and frozen.
Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) - contains all the clotting factor proteins and other proteins as found in freshly collected whole blood.
Frozen plasma
Fresh Frozen Plasma (FP) - is fresh frozen plasma (FFP) that has been stored in its frozen state for a period of up to four years
The difference between fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and frozen plasma (FP) is the absolute value of the following clotting factors which are present in significantly lower concentrations than in fresh frozen plasma:
V - Proaxlerin. Antihemophilic Factor A / Antihemophilic Globin
VIII Antihemophilic Factor A / Antihemophilic Globin
Thawed plasma
Thawed plasma (TP) is fresh frozen plasma (FFP) that has been thawed to a liquid at room temperature and is now stored refrigerated at 1-6C
Plasma can be stored in this manner for up to 10 days and coagulation factors V and VIII will still maintain a concentration that can be considered therapeutic.
Beyond 10 days in refrigeration, there is a dramatic decrease in the activity of all coagulation factors.
The main need for the use of plasma is a problem with the patient's coagulation functions.
Whether as a result of congenital or acquired dysfunction, von Willebrand disease, or massive trauma.
There are other cases in which it is sometimes customary to use (questionable) plasma products.
Hypoproteinemia:
In the past, it was customary to use in cases where the albumin concentration in the patient's blood was found to be low, to give a dose of plasma in order to increase its absolute concentration.
It has been found that in order to increase the absolute albumin concentration in the blood, a significant amount of plasma products must be used: to increase the albumin count by half a unit (gram per deciliter), an amount of 20-25 ml/kg must be given.
Example: For a 25 kg dog - an average of four doses of fresh frozen plasma should be given, each containing 250 grams to raise the blood albumin concentration by one unit.
Plasma "rich" in antibodies against parvovirus
In the past, it was claimed that an adult dog that was vaccinated against parvovirus, or alternatively had it and recovered, after a period of time, its blood could be used to prepare plasma rich in antibodies against parvovirus disease. This plasma can then be given to puppies or adult dogs with parvovirus.
A study conducted in 2012 - (Clinical evaluation of a single dose of immune plasma for treatment of canine parvovirus infection.Bragg RF1, Duffy AL, DeCecco FA, Chung DK, Green MT, Veir JK, Dow SW.) found that the use of antibodies against parvovirus did not show a reduction in viremia, Symptoms and recovery time of dogs with parvo.
Use of plasma as a treatment for acute pancreatitis.
Plasma was sometimes used to treat patients suffering from acute pancreatitis in order to increase the concentration of proteins that can counteract the activity of the digestive enzyme - protease, as well as contribute to the preservation of albumin levels with its concentration in plasma.
A study conducted in 2009 - (Evaluation of fresh frozen plasma administration in dogs with pancreatitis: 77 cases (1995-2005). Weatherton LK1, Streeter EM.) found no advantage in administering plasma to patients with acute pancreatitis. In fact, it was found that patients who "earned" to receive plasma showed higher mortality rates than those patients who did not.